An electromechanical relay is an electrical switch that is typically operated by using electromagnetism to operate a mechanical switching mechanism.
An electrical relay is an electromagnetically operated electrical switch - an electromechanical switch. A relatively small current is used to create a magnetic field in a coil within a magnetic core and this is used to operate a switch that can control a much larger current.
In this way an electromechanical relay or electrical relay can use a small current to switch a much larger current and enable both circuits to be electrically isolated from each other.
Electrical relays come in a variety of different sizes and they can be of a variety of different types using slightly different technologies, although they all use the same basic concept.
Although electromechanical relays may be considered in some respects to use old technology, and solid state relays / solid state switches might be thought to be a more effective means of switching electrical current.
Nevertheless electromechanical relays have some unique properties that make them ideal for many applications, where other types may not be as effective.
That said, solid state switches, solid state relays or electronic switches are widely used and have taken over in many areas where electromechanical relays were previously used as electrical switches.
Relay circuit symbol
When drawing the schematics for electronic circuit designs, it is necessary to have the circuit symbols for the required electronic components. Ideally these symbols should be standardised so that everyone understands exactly what they mean.
The methods for indicating the normally closed and normally open contacts are indicated on the diagram - these are normally critical in most circuits.
Other circuits, especially new that may be a bit older may show the relay coil as an actual coil. Although this does not conform to the latest relay circuit symbol standards, it may nevertheless be seen in some instances and it describes the inside of the relay well.
It is possible for there to be further sets of electrical switch contacts. In the same way that it is possible to have multiple poles on a switch, the same can be done with relays. It is possible to have several sets of switch contacts to change over multiple circuits.
Relay switch basics
A relay is a form of electrical switch that is operated by electromagnet which changes over the switching when current is applied to the coil.
These relays may be operated by switch circuits where the switch cannot take the high current of the electrical relay, or they may be operated by electronic circuits, etc. In either circumstance they provide a very simple and attractive proposition for electrical switching.
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